Sunday, May 17, 2020

The Impact Of Terrorism On International Business

Our paper explores the interesting phenomena of terrorism on international business. Grounded in the grave reality of terrorism and the international business literature, our research conceptualizes this compelling topic into a practical model worthy of future research. Unfortunately, the current data does not provide statistical evidence to support the unique firm level predictions from the conceptual model. However, our exploratory research leads us to believe that the lack of sensitivity in our measurement of the dependent variable is the issue and not the conceptual model. Recommendations for practice and theory identified in our research are the firm learning or habituation that may occur between the interaction of organizational†¦show more content†¦3421). A theory of organizational resilience will provide enhanced understanding into how resilient organizations rebound from disruptions, such as terrorism, and outperform less pliable organizations (Vogus Sutcliffe, 2007; Jain Grosse, 2009). In summary, this research paper stimulates scholarly research into the potential for organizational preparedness solutions to improve performance resilience results for international businesses struggling to cope with the worldwide crisis of terrorism. It also seeks to test and recommend specific practices that will help firms recover more quickly from – and so be less constrained by – possible terrorist attacks. This unique exploratory firm-level study into the tragic phenomena of terrorism within the international business community provides a meaningful step forward in both theory and practice in an under-developed research area worthy of additional study with intensifying business and academic implications. Plan for Future Research Introduction - Our exploratory research accentuates the heightening safety, economic and psychological implications of the growing threat of terrorism to international business. Increasingly, international businesses organizationally prepare to cope with the escalating risk of discontinuities, unplanned events, and crises in a dangerous world. Our second study extends andShow MoreRelatedTerrorism And International Business Research1130 Words   |  5 PagesSadly, terrorism permeates everyday society, and the intensifying impact of terrorism on international business is a global phenomenon with heightening implications for both theory and practice. This research paper is a novel exploratory study of how international businesses apply past terrorism exposure and experience from operating in risky locations to create organizational preparedness and performance resilience to endure future terrorist attacks. The unique firm level research provides a theoreticalRead MoreTerrorism Is Very Real For Mnes Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesSadly, terrorism permeates everyday society, and the intensifying impact of terrorism on international business is a global phenomenon with implications for both theory and practice. The research question addressed by this exploratory study is how international businesses apply past terrorism exposure and experience from operating in risky locations to create organizational preparedness and performance resilience to absorb and endure future terrorist attacks. This paper contributes to the internationalRead MoreA Second Stream Of Management Research On Terrorism1460 Words   |  6 Pagesmanagement research on terrorism has explored firm readiness and the performance impact of such preparation. In particular, several authors have examined the relationship between business continuity planning and the mitigation of the impact from unanticipated disasters such as terrorism (Cerullo Cerullo, 2004; Zsidisin, Melnyk, Ragatz, 2005). According to Cerullo and Cerrullo (2004), there is clear evidence from past catastrophes that international businesses without business continuity plans areRead MoreStudy Of The Airline Industry Resilience And The Terrorist Attacks Of 9 / 111219 Words   |  5 Pagesgeneral methodological framework used by Gittell et al. (2006) in the study of the airlines industry resilience to the terrorist attacks of 9/11. This exploratory archival data analysis employs quantitative statistical techniques from the terrorism and international business literature stream. Initially, correlation analysis between the operationalized independent variables, moderating variables, control variables and the dependent variable will be conducted, using Pearson Correlation Coefficients as aRead MoreThe Business Continuity Plan For A Dummy Variable1461 Words   |  6 PagesThe Business Continuity Plan mediating variable represents the existence or non-existence of an established Disaster Recovery or Business Continuit y Plan from Mergent Online (2016). The Business Continuity Plan is operationalized by a dummy variable. The MNEs used in the Business Continuity Plan mediating variable are same MNEs identified for the Terrorism Exposure and Breadth of Experience in High-Risk Countries independent variables. The Erosion variable operationalizes the negative moderatingRead MoreThe Economic Loss Of Terrorism1666 Words   |  7 Pagesand derived from impact studies of the resulting damages (Frey et al., 2007). The economic loss measurements capture the direct market value impact of terrorism, but do not fully account for intangible losses. Finally, the third category of measurement of impact is utility loss, often used in human resource journal articles concerning terrorism. The utility loss category captures the qualitative indirect and intangible losses of terrorism, such as well-being and emotional impact. For this study,Read MoreTerrorism : A Modern Terrorist Organization850 Words   |  4 PagesTerrorism is a tactic that has been used for centuries, it is one of the most important and dangerous problems facing mankind today. Terrorism is the calculated use of violence, or the threat of violence, to intimidate, frighten, or coerce. In addition, the history of terrorism is as old as humans willingness to use violence exist. The earliest known organization that exhibited aspects of a modern terrorist organization was the Zealots of Judea. Zealots of Judea were known to the Romans asRead MoreThe Open Source Global Terrorism Database1451 Words   |  6 PagesThe primary source of data is the open source Global Terrorism Database (2015) known as the GTD and maintained by the National Consortium for the Study of Terrorism and Responses to Terrorism (START). START is a Department of Homeland Security Center of Excellence at the University of Maryland that has been tasked by the Department of State to collect statistical data on terrorism in support of the annual Country Reports on Terrorism. GTD (2015), accompanied by an instructive codebook, contains 141Read MoreImpact of Terrorism in Pakistan1628 Words   |  7 PagesImpact of Terrorism in Pakistan In lieu of unlawful violence to inculcate fear and increase coercion, terrorism has become a trending topic in the world today. Pakistan, a country in South Asia bordered by Afghanistan and India has been a country worthy of speculation due to the rate of terrorism and tribal wars that have quickly taken over the country. The sporadic effects of these attacks have begun to shatter what used to be one of Asia’s fastest growing economies. Impact on GDP Pakistan’sRead MoreBasic Equivalent Of The Border1354 Words   |  6 Pagesequivalent of the border (FEB) is the physical location, usually the initial practical location where people entering the country are temporarily detained and questioned after crossing the initial border or point of entry. Prime examples include international airports, sea ports within the country’s territorial waters, and facilities located at the intersection of two or more roadways originating from the border itself. Extended border search supports searches without a warrant where law enforcement

Wednesday, May 6, 2020

The Corruption Of The State Juvenile Justice System

Late 1980s marked the increase of crime rate in the country, around that time a small and influential criminology group decided that time has come to point out the menace. They did it well and along came the fear and malice towards â€Å"super-predators†. Astonishingly this so called fast creeping breed of criminals were not some mutants, but children as young as 11! (Garinger, 2012) As expected there was no turning back from the data and the facts, and government was forced to make strict decisions. Thus began the tyrant of transfer laws, marked at the inadequacies of the state juvenile justice systems. To say those reforms or decisions were overbearing would be sensible, apparently those disciplinary actions were much needed. Speaking of which the coming years saw a slow but definite decline in the juvenile crime rate and it was perceived that the decision was in fact sane. While there is no denying that the crime rate has been steadily declined in the said age group, and it can be presumed that it is the fear of punishment. However it has also been observed that apart from the psychological trauma and cultural shock experienced by these young-criminals, these adult courts offer them no chance of reprimand. Having said that, there is strategic rise in the second-offense in such individuals! The amount of psychological overbearing faced by these is tumultuous and the sexual disdain unaccountable, in wake of which certain questions are raised (Hartney, 2006). Is this way ofShow MoreRelatedThe Juvenile Justice System Essay1441 Words   |  6 Pagesproblems that existed with the juvenile justice system in the early 19thcentury. The juvenile justice system was subject to a lot of corruption and civil rights violations in its early stages. Juveniles did not have the same rights as adults and could be forced into terrible living or working conditions. With no child labor laws, delinquent juveniles could be sentenced to forced labor in factories or to houses of refuge. With the ruling of Ex Parte Crouse, the state took ultimate responsibility ofRead MoreThe United States Justice System1096 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States justice system has been around since the signing of the United States Constitution in 1787. It was created to protect its citizens and provide justice throughout the nation. The U.S. Justice system is broken down to three branches. These branches are Policing, Courts, and Corrections that create the justice system. Policing is the branch that enforces the law in the public. Courts is the decision to whether you are guilt, not guilty, or fined for the actions from the enforcementsRead Mo reThe List Of Core Corrupt Acts1345 Words   |  6 Pagesenlarge this list to include other acts in the future. Since, bribery is frequently found and seen as â€Å"popular† among white-collar employees, like higher government officials, I am going to address to this kind of a corruption. Bribery perhaps is the most widespread form of corruption. In the opinion of Santoro and Strauss (2013), bribery is the giving, offering, soliciting or receiving of any valuable item to influence or sway the actions of those with power or officials in discharge of legal orRead MoreThe Romanian Criminal Justice System1715 Words   |  7 PagesCriminal Justice System Cory J. Mackley-Portley Texas State University – San Marcos The Romanian Criminal Justice System The history and evolution of any country is complex and open to the interpretation of progression or regression as defined by the reader. The history of its criminal justice system is no different. This is more so complicated in that this particular country, Romania, is in a relatively new post-communist era. To increase the understanding of the evolution of law and justice in EasternRead MoreCorruption as a Difficulty in Everyday Annawadian Life1470 Words   |  6 PagesCorruption as a Difficulty in Everyday Annawadian Life In Katherine Boo’s novel Behind the Beautiful Forevers: Life, Death, and Hope in a Mumbai Undercity we are thrown into a slum in Mumbai, Annawadi and are shown that corruption is an undeniable difficulty that the Annawadians face in their everyday lives. â€Å"For every two people in Annawadi inching up, there was one in a catastrophic plunge† (24) the people of Annawadi are in such a state because of all the corruption. As soon as they get aheadRead MoreJuvenile Crime And Crime Rates1609 Words   |  7 PagesJuvenile crime is one of the nation s most serious problems. Concerns about it are generally broadcasted by federal, state, and local government officials and by the public. In years prior, the burden developed beginning with the dramatic rise in juvenile violence in the eighties reaching an all-time peak in the first part of the nineties. Even though juvenile crime rates seem to have lowered since the mid-nineties, the reduction has not eased the concern. Many s tates began taking strict statutoryRead MoreAnalysis Of Just Mercy By Bryan Stevenson1311 Words   |  6 PagesThe book, â€Å"Just Mercy† by Bryan Stevenson pleas to fix the current unfair and fragmented system of criminal justice and juvenile justice. The book’s plot focuses majority on Stevenson’s work and his clients. The main narrative tackles the story of Walter McMillan, who was accused of killing a white woman, but despite hard evidence that would prove he’s innocent, is disregarded by the court due to his race. The main issue was not even the lack of care for racial equality in this case, but the factRead MoreA Brief Note On Academic And Professional Communications1471 Words   |  6 Pagesfaced by both federal and state run facilities, however, as the privatization of correctional facilities became more prevalent, so too did instances of corruption. As more federal and state run institutions became privatized there was a marked increase in num bers of those incarcerated as well as a push for more stringent sentencing of those convicted of committing a crime. This has resulted in those companies responsible for running these facilities taking advantage of a system originally set up to houseRead MoreThe Criminal Justice System Is Complex1201 Words   |  5 PagesOverview: The criminal justice system is complex and in need of several types of reforms, this is especially true in the juvenile justice system. In 2012, there were 1,319,700 arrests of juveniles in the United States (OJJDP) and this includes both violent and non-violent offenses committed by those under the age of 18. Policy reforms can offer alternatives to the incarceration of young offenders, by providing mental health, or addiction rehabs for those that are in need of it rather than lockingRead MoreThe Juvenile Justice System Is Not Reflective Of Their National Population1612 Words   |  7 Pagesare roughly 79,000 adolescents held at juvenile facilities all across the United States (Sickmund Puzzanchera, 2014). Of that population, Latino and African American youth represent the majority of those in confinement. This is a problem because the overrepresentation of minorities within the juvenile justice system is not reflective of their national population percentages. Nationally, Latino and African American youth only comprise 38% of the total juvenile population combined, while Caucasian

Michele de Montaigne on Making Decisions free essay sample

Michel de Montaigne on Making Opinions In his three books of essays, Michel de Montaigne reflects upon his life to uncover some of the stable truths that will help to guide a man’s opinions. He claims that man is â€Å"miraculously vain, various and wavering. It is difficult to found a judgement [sic] on him which is steady and uniform† meaning that man and his opinions are unstable and fluid. It is possible for a reader of the essays to see how Montaigne employs his theories within his own life as he searches for the truth the natural world can provide. A flaw of humanity, according to Montaigne, is a lack of healthy doubt. Man takes facts and â€Å"ignore[s] the whats and expatiate[s] on the whys. † Instead of questioning facts from outside sources, man takes them as being the truth and blindly follows them. Humanity looks to tradition and history the way things have always been done and assumes them to be correct instead of being skeptical of the fluidity of events. We will write a custom essay sample on Michele de Montaigne on Making Decisions or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page In traditions of old, the â€Å"wavering† quality is found in Alexander the Great and causes him to change paths. He was considered â€Å" the most generous toward the vanquished† yet, unpredictably, had Betis brutally dismembered. Montaigne suggests that in order to enter the realm of well-considered judgment, one must first begin to reject commonly accepted traditions and historical ideas and instead look within for the beginnings of truth. Humanity, and everything in life is unstable and changing. Making sound judgments is difficult because the man and what is being judged are constantly in states of flux. Montaigne says to be â€Å"suspicious of the things discovered by our minds†¦of which we have abandoned Nature and her rules†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Through saying this, Montaigne declares that one needs to be faithful to his unchanging nature in order to find truth. As an example in his own life, Montaigne relates that he considers his actions as â€Å"ruled by what I am and are in harmony with how I was made. † Montaigne believes that the first step to good judgment is finding stability in one’s self. Humans believe that experience is the key to understanding things. If one experiences, he can better form opinions. However, according to Montaigne, reasoning and judgment based on experience is just as unstable as reasoning based on thoughts. If experience could uncover the truth, why is it still that doctors all have different opinions? Years and years of experience do not improve the authority of the doctors because they still cannot come to a common judgment. What Montaigne appears to say is that the path to well-considered opinions comes from the search for truth in all aspects of life. And this search for truth requires man to take a skeptical view on everything and to turn away from the â€Å"truth† found in science and scholarship in favor of the power of nature—to look to what is unchangeable, his own nature, rather than what is constantly in flux. Not only must man experience things, he must look at them skeptically and reject commonplace ideas and traditions to look within and to nature in order to uncover the truth in all things. Man needs to create an internal model of himself in order to find stability. In order to find certainty, one must discover stable truths, which can only happen through the questioning of everything and the doubting of all things, because this doubt will allow one to be constantly aware of the changing of the world. In Montaigne’s essays, it is possible to see the effects of this â€Å"healthy skepticism† in his experiences, especially in his continued reflection on life. Montaigne questions all things that can change in order to make sound judgments. He lives a life of skepticism and reflection because he sees it as a â€Å"mighty endeavor and a full one† and this reflection helps him to better consider his opinions. However, it is also possible to see that this search for truth is a lifelong process. Montaigne says clearly that â€Å"I speak as an ignorant questioning man: for solutions I purely and simply abide by the common lawful [Church] beliefs† and he makes no effort to prove that he has succeeded in finding pure stability of ideas in anything but Christian doctrine. Montaigne shows that skepticism must be a way of life in order for one to develop meaningful opinions.